EDUCTUM: Journal Research

Analysis of Literacy Habituation as a Strategy to Improve Reading Comprehension Skills in Grade V at SDN Bringin 01: Teacher and Student Perspectives

Garini Lituhayu — 2025-07-01

This study aims to analyze the literacy habituation program used as a strategy to improve reading comprehension skills for fifth grade students of SDN Bringin 01. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach method. The subjects of this study were homeroom teachers and fifth grade students with high, medium, and low abilities at SDN Bringin 01. This study used data collection techniques in the form of initial observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that literacy habituation activities for fifth grade students at SDN Bringin 01 have a significant influence, especially for students with high abilities. With this literacy habituation activity, students with high abilities find it easier to understand reading in depth. However, for students with medium and low abilities, this literacy habituation activity has not had a significant impact on their reading comprehension skills. This study is expected to be able to provide a positive impact on the evaluation of this literacy habituation activity, so that the objectives of this activity can be achieved optimally.

The Effect of Management Accounting Systems and Environmental Uncertainty on Managerial Performance at Pt. Agromuko Bengkulu

Elizabeth Siregar — 2025-07-01

This study aims to analyze the effect of Management Accounting System (SAM) and Environmental Uncertainty on Managerial Performance at PT. Agromuko Bengkulu. In the era of industry 5.0, companies are faced with the challenges of a dynamic and unpredictable environment, such as climate change, price fluctuations, and government policies that have a direct impact on managerial decision making. The Management Accounting System is an important tool in helping managers plan, supervise, and make effective decisions. This research uses a quantitative approach with the survey method of 50 respondents consisting of managers and staff of PT Agromuko Bengkulu. The data was analyzed using the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLSSEM) method through SmartPLS software. The results showed that Management Accounting System has a significant effect on Managerial Performance, as well as Environmental Uncertainty which is proven to have influence on the effectiveness and efficiency of managers' performance. These findings confirm the importance of implementing a flexible and adaptive SAM in the face of uncertainty to improve managerial performance and operational efficiency of firms.

The Role of Bilingual Flash Card Learning Media in Improving Students' Understanding in Elementary Schools

Ayu Fitria Ningsih — 2025-07-01

The purpose of this study is to investigate how bilingual flashcards can be used as a teaching tool to help elementary school students understand concepts better. The research approach is a comprehensive literature evaluation that looks at related books, research papers, and scientific publications. The results show that bilingual flashcards help students become more proficient in language, especially in vocabulary acquisition, pronunciation, and content retention. Visual and interactive flashcards can increase student motivation and encourage active participation in the learning process. Many studies show that this medium can be used to improve Indonesian language learning, especially in identifying standard and non-standard vocabulary. This medium is also useful for learning other languages. Additionally, this medium is cost-effective, flexible, and easy to implement in small classrooms. However, its utilization remains uneven due to limitations in teachers' understanding and skills in designing and using the medium optimally. Therefore, teacher training and guidance are needed to maximize the use of bilingual flashcards in supporting language learning success at the elementary school level.

The Effect of C:N Ratio Level on Water Quality Parameters and Growth of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with a Non-Water Exchange Cultivation System Using Molasses as an Organic Carbon Source

Pohan Panjaitan — 2025-07-10

One of the main obstacles to development of intensive aquaculture is the accumulation of toxic inorganic nitrogen which should be kept very low by frequent water exchange or recycling of the water through a biofilter. This study describes another method of removing inorganic nitrogen using heterotrophic bacteria population of which was augmented by the addition of a carbonaceous substance, molasses, to increase the feed C:N ratio under laboratory condition. The principal aim of laboratory study was to establish correlation C:N ratio level with levels of ammonia, nitrite, dissolved oxygen, pH and shrimp growth in Penaeus monodon shrimp culture with Zero Water Exchange Model (ZWEM) using molasses as carbon resource. It was found that addition of molasses to shrimp farming with ZWEM had role in removing ammonia and nitrite. Also, application of molasses to laboratory tanks increased the growth and percentage weight gain of shrimps and increased the population of heterotrophic bacteria.

Application of Serial Picture Media to Short Story Writing Learning for Fifth Grade Students of SD Swasta GKPS No. 1 Pematang Siantar

Mery Chris Isabella Saragih — 2025-07-10

This study aims to describe the improvement of students’ short story writing skills through the application of serial picture media in the fifth-grade class of SD Swasta GKPS No. 1 Pematang Siantar. The background of this research is the students' low ability in writing short stories due to the lack of visual media used during the learning process. This research employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design, specifically a one-group pretest-posttest model. The sample consisted of 13 students. Instruments included multiple-choice tests and a rubric for assessing short story writing. The pretest results showed an average score of 57.69, which was below the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM). After implementing the serial picture media, the posttest average increased to 85.77. Normality and homogeneity tests indicated that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous. The paired sample t-test yielded a significance value of 0.00 < 0.05, thus Ha was accepted. These results demonstrate that serial picture media significantly enhance students’ short story writing skills. Therefore, this visual media proves to be effective in supporting Indonesian language learning, particularly in narrative writing skills.

Presupposition in Film Discourse: A Systematic Literature Review of Pragmatic Analyses

Rotua Elfrida — 2025-07-22

This article presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of 20 scholarly studies published between 2020 and 2024 that investigate presupposition in film discourse from a pragmatic lens. The review aims to synthesize dominant presupposition types, theoretical frameworks, pragmatic functions, and genre-specific trends within cinematic language. Existential, factive, and lexical presuppositions are the most frequently employed, shaping character development, narrative cohesion, and cultural framing. Yule’s (1996) typology remains the predominant analytical framework, while animated and dramatic films emerge as the most analyzed genres due to their pedagogical and sociocultural richness. The findings emphasize the role of presupposition as a discourse strategy that conveys implicit meaning and ideological nuance, supporting audience interpretation without explicit exposition. Furthermore, several studies highlight its application in ESL/EFL classrooms to enhance pragmatic competence. Despite the growth in this research area, gaps persist in multimodal analysis and cross-cultural comparisons. This review not only consolidates key insights but also calls for more integrative approaches that consider visual, verbal, and cultural dimensions of cinematic texts. It contributes to advancing pragmatic inquiry and encourages further exploration of presupposition as a dynamic tool in media discourse.

The Influence of Teachers' Professional and Pedagogical Competence on the Learning Achievement of Junior High School Students in Subrayon 03, Tanggamus Regency

Kholiah Kholiah — 2025-07-22

This study aims to analyze the influence of professional and pedagogical competence of teachers on the learning achievement of eighth-grade students at Public Junior High Schools in Subrayon 03, Tanggamus Regency. The research approach used is quantitative with survey methods and multiple linear regression analysis techniques. Data were collected through questionnaires to measure teacher competence and documentation of students' STS scores. The results of the analysis show that simultaneously, professional and pedagogical competence have a significant effect on student learning achievement with an R² value of 0.146. Partially, professional competence has a significant positive effect on student learning achievement (t = 3.405; p less than 0.05), while pedagogical competence also has a significant effect but with a negative coefficient value (t = 2.569; p less than 0.05). These findings indicate that although teacher competence is important in the learning process, its contribution to academic achievement is still limited, and needs to be supported by a more contextual pedagogical approach. This study provides important implications for the development of teacher professionalism as a strategy to improve the quality of education.

The Effect of Sweet Orange (Citrus sp) Cultivation on Increasing Farmers' Income in Partibi Lama Village, Merek District, Karo Regency

Silvia Wardana Br Lingga — 2025-07-28

This study aims to examine the factors that influence farmers’ income from sweet orange farming in Partibi Lama Village, Merek District. The research utilizes primary data obtained through direct interviews with sweet orange farmers by distributing questionnaires. This is a quantitative study applying Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), followed by Path Analysis using SPSS version 25. The CFA results indicate that two variables—Production and Land Area—are significantly associated with farmers' income in the study area. Furthermore, the path analysis shows that: (1) Land and Pesticides have a direct, positive, and significant effect on sweet orange production; (2) Land, Pesticides, and Production directly and significantly influence farmers' income; and (3) Land and Pesticides indirectly affect income through the mediating role of Production.