The effect of soap concentration on the durability of three types of paper using a randomized complete block design (rcbd)
Article Sidebar
paper durability,
Randomized Complete Block Design,
time to failure
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the effect of soap concentration on the durability of three types of paper: HVS paper, cardboard, and newspaper. The treatments consisted of four soap concentration levels, namely 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60%. Paper durability was measured based on the time until damage occurred after exposure to the solution. The study employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to control variation among paper types during testing. The results indicate that increasing soap concentration tends to reduce the durability of all paper types. In terms of paper type, cardboard exhibited the highest durability, followed by HVS paper, while newspaper showed the lowest durability. Further tests revealed that soap concentration and paper type had statistically significant effects on paper durability. These findings indicate that soap solution concentration and the physical characteristics of paper are associated with paper durability under solution exposure.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Fitri, D. R., Mustikawati, H., & Afianty, D. T. (2020). Formulasi sediaan sabun mandi cair ekstrak etanol buah nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.). IONTech Journal, 1(1), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.62702/ion.v1i1.25
Hasanah, S. (2015). Evaluasi teknik pemutihan dalam restorasi kertas arsip. Jurnal Selulosa, 5(2), 89–98.
Hasdar, M., Wadli, W., & Meilani, D. (2021). Rancangan acak lengkap dan rancangan acak kelompok pada pH gelatin kulit domba dengan pretreatment larutan NaOH. Journal of Technology and Food Processing, 1(1), 17–23. https://doi.org/10.46772/jtfp.v1i01.338
Hubbe, M. A. (2007). Paper’s resistance to wetting—A review of internal sizing chemicals and their effects. BioResources, 2(1), 106–145. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.2.1.106-145
Jarvis, M. C. (2023). Hydrogen bonding and other non-covalent interactions at the surfaces of cellulose microfibrils. Cellulose, 30, 667–687. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04954-3
Narsih, & Gunawan, D. H. (2025). Karakteristik fisiko kimia sabun lembaran berbasis minyak sawit dengan penambahan gel dan ekstrak kulit lidah buaya. Agrointek: Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian, 19(1), 124–133. https://doi.org/10.21107/agrointek.v19i1.23945
Rahmawati, A. S., & Erina, R. (2020). Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan uji ANOVA dua jalur. OPTIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika, 4(1), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.37478/optika.v4i1.333
Shepherd, I., & Xiao, H. (1999). The role of surfactants as rewetting agents in enhancing paper absorbancy. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 157(1–3), 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-7757(99)00043-6
Umayati, D., Nugraha, D., & Ramdan, S. R. K. (2023). Formulasi dan evaluasi sabun cair ekstrak daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava L.) dan uji iritasi dengan basis minyak zaitun (olive oil). Pharmacy Genius, 2(2), 125–134. https://doi.org/10.56359/pharmgen.v2i2.279
Verawaty, V., Dewi, I. P., & Wela, W. (2020). Formulasi dan evaluasi sabun kertas katekin sebagai antiseptik. PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 17(2), 514–523. https://doi.org/10.30595/pharmacy.v17i2.7586
Zuyasna, Z., Marliah, A., Rahayu, A., Hayati, E., & Husna, R. (2021). Pertumbuhan tanaman nilam MV1 varietas Lhokseumawe akibat konsentrasi dan lama perendaman kolkisin. Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal, 4(1), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v4i1.683