Abstract
Household waste management challenges encourage the development of technologies that support more integrated waste handling. This study aims to design and develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart waste bin prototype with an automatic incineration mechanism and remote monitoring. The system was developed using the Prototype Model by integrating a NodeMCU ESP8266, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor for waste-level detection, a limit switch as a fail-safe mechanism, and a servo motor and flame gun for automatic incineration. System status notifications were delivered to users through a Telegram Bot. The results showed that the prototype successfully performed waste-level detection, timer-based automatic incineration, fail-safe operation, and status notification according to the defined test scenarios. In the combustion test using 500 g of mixed paper and cardboard, 22 g of residual mass remained, corresponding to a mass reduction of 95.6%. The ignition mechanism succeeded in 10 out of 10 trials, while Telegram notifications were received with a delay of approximately 2–4 seconds. These results demonstrate that waste detection, automatic incineration, operational safety, and remote monitoring functions can be integrated into a single IoT-based prototype.
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