Economic: Journal Economic and Business (EJEB) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, integrity, transparency, and reliability of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes that errors, ethical concerns, or questions regarding published research may arise after publication and require appropriate editorial action.

EJEB follows the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in handling corrections, expressions of concern, retractions, and other post-publication editorial notices.

This policy applies to all articles published in EJEB.

1. General Principles

EJEB is committed to ensuring that the scholarly record remains accurate, transparent, and accessible.

Post-publication editorial actions are determined according to the nature and seriousness of the identified issue, the available evidence, and its implications for the reliability of the published work.

The journal distinguishes between errors that can be corrected, unresolved concerns requiring notification to readers, and circumstances that justify retraction.

Editorial actions are intended to maintain the integrity of the scholarly record rather than to punish authors.

2. Corrections

A correction may be issued when an error or omission is identified in a published article but the overall findings, conclusions, and scholarly reliability of the work remain valid.

Corrections may address:

• Errors in author names, affiliations, or publication metadata.

• Incorrect numerical values, tables, figures, or descriptions that do not invalidate the principal findings.

• Errors in citations, references, or acknowledgments.

• Omissions or inaccuracies in funding or conflict of interest disclosures.

• Other substantive errors requiring clarification in the published record.

When a correction is necessary, EJEB will publish an appropriate correction notice that identifies the original article and explains the changes made.

The correction notice will be linked to the original publication where technically feasible.

Minor typographical or formatting errors that do not affect scholarly interpretation may be corrected without a separate formal notice, subject to editorial judgment.

3. Expressions of Concern

An expression of concern may be issued when significant questions arise regarding the integrity or reliability of a published article, but the available evidence is insufficient to justify immediate retraction or the investigation remains unresolved.

An expression of concern may be considered when:

1. Serious allegations of research misconduct are under investigation.

2. There is substantial but inconclusive evidence of unreliable findings.

3. An institutional investigation has not reached a conclusion within a reasonable period.

4. Important concerns remain unresolved and readers should be informed.

An expression of concern will identify the affected article and describe the nature of the unresolved concerns without making unsupported allegations.

The notice may be updated or followed by a correction or retraction when additional evidence becomes available.

4. Retractions

Retraction is considered when a published article contains serious problems that undermine the reliability, originality, or integrity of the scholarly record.

Grounds for retraction may include:

• Clear evidence that research findings are unreliable due to major errors, fabrication, falsification, or other serious problems.

• Substantial plagiarism or unauthorized use of intellectual material.

• Redundant or duplicate publication without appropriate disclosure or justification.

• Serious violations of research ethics.

• Manipulation of the peer-review or publication process.

• Other significant ethical or scientific concerns that render the publication unreliable.

Retraction may be initiated by the authors, the editorial team, or following credible concerns raised by readers, institutions, or other relevant parties.

Retraction decisions are based on the available evidence and applicable publication ethics principles.

5. Retraction Procedures

When a potential retraction issue is identified, EJEB may undertake the following procedures:

1. Receive and document the concern or allegation.

2. Conduct an initial editorial assessment.

3. Review relevant evidence, manuscripts, publication records, and supporting documentation.

4. Contact the authors and provide an appropriate opportunity to respond.

5. Consult independent experts or relevant institutions where necessary.

6. Determine whether correction, expression of concern, retraction, or another action is appropriate.

7. Publish the relevant editorial notice and update the publication record.

The journal may proceed with a retraction when sufficient evidence establishes that the published work is unreliable, even if the authors do not agree with the decision.

6. Retraction Notices and Article Availability

Retraction notices will be clearly identified and made publicly accessible.

A retraction notice should:

• Clearly identify the retracted article, including its title, authors, and bibliographic information.

• Explain the reason for retraction.

• Identify who is retracting the article, where appropriate.

• Be linked to the original article.

• Be freely accessible to readers.

Retracted articles will ordinarily remain available in the journal's online archive to preserve the scholarly record.

The article's online record and full-text file will be clearly marked as retracted where technically feasible.

Complete removal of published content will be considered only in exceptional circumstances, such as legal requirements, serious privacy violations, or risks of significant harm.

7. Author-Initiated Corrections and Retractions

Authors who identify significant errors or ethical concerns in their published articles must promptly inform the EJEB editorial office.

Requests for correction or retraction should include a clear explanation and relevant supporting evidence.

The editorial team will evaluate the request and determine the appropriate action in accordance with this policy.

Authors are expected to cooperate with reasonable editorial inquiries and corrective procedures.

8. Editorial Independence and Institutional Cooperation

EJEB maintains editorial independence in decisions concerning corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.

Where allegations involve potential research misconduct, the journal may communicate with relevant research institutions or other competent authorities.

Institutional findings may inform editorial decisions, but the journal retains responsibility for determining necessary actions concerning its publication record.

9. Appeals and Reconsideration

Authors or other directly affected parties may submit a reasoned request for reconsideration of a correction or retraction decision.

Appeals should include relevant explanations and supporting evidence.

Where practicable, reconsideration will involve an editor or qualified individual who was not directly responsible for the original decision.

An appeal does not automatically suspend or reverse an editorial action.

10. Publication Metadata and Indexing

EJEB seeks to maintain accurate publication metadata following corrections or retractions.

Where technically supported, relevant notices and status changes will be reflected in the journal's online publication records and communicated to applicable DOI registration or indexing services.

The original article and its associated editorial notices should remain identifiable and appropriately linked.

11. Reporting Errors and Concerns

Readers, authors, reviewers, and other interested parties may report significant errors or concerns about published articles through the official EJEB contact page:

https://jurnal.larisma.or.id/index.php/EJEB/about/contact

Reports should identify the relevant article and provide a clear explanation and supporting evidence where available.

The editorial team will evaluate the information and determine appropriate follow-up actions.

12. Ethical References

This policy is informed by the principles and guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), including its retraction guidelines:

https://publicationethics.org/

This policy should be read together with EJEB's Publication Ethics, Allegation of Research Misconduct, Plagiarism Policy, Conflict of Interest Policy, and Post-Publication Discussion Policy.